He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka naikokene wai (LN2) i ke ao o ka ʻenehana hana hou i kōkua ʻia, ma ke ʻano he mea cryogenic no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea olaola makamae, e like me nā hua manu, ka sperm, a me nā embryos. Me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mahana haʻahaʻa loa a me ka hiki ke mālama i ka pono o ke kelepona, hōʻoia ʻo LN2 i ka mālama lōʻihi o kēia mau ʻano palupalu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka lawelawe ʻana iā LN2 ke kumu o nā pilikia kūikawā, ma muli o kona mahana anuanu loa, ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonui ʻana a me nā pilikia e pili ana me ka neʻe ʻana o ka oxygen. E hui pū me mākou i ko mākou ʻimi ʻana i nā hana palekana koʻikoʻi a me nā hana maikaʻi loa e pono ai e mālama i kahi kaiapuni mālama cryo palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi, ka palekana ʻana i nā limahana, a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hānau.
ʻO ka hoʻonā mālama naikokene wai biomedical Haier
Ka Hoʻēmi ʻana i nā Pōʻino i ka Hana ʻana o kahi Lumi Cryogenic
Aia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana iā LN2, me ka pahū ʻana, ka hanu ʻana, a me nā kuni cryogenic. ʻOiai ʻo ka lakio hoʻonui nui o LN2 ma kahi o 1:700 - ʻo ia hoʻi, e mahu ka 1 lita o LN2 e hana i kahi 700 lita o ke kinoea naikokene - pono e mālama nui ʻia i ka wā e lawelawe ai i nā ʻōmole aniani; hiki i kahi pehu naikokene ke wāwahi i ke aniani, e hana ana i nā ʻāpana i hiki ke hōʻeha. Eia kekahi, he 0.97 ka nui o ka mahu o LN2, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa ma mua o ka ea a e hōʻiliʻili ma ka pae honua ke haʻahaʻa loa ka mahana. Hoʻopilikia kēia hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi pōʻino hanu ʻana i nā wahi paʻa, e hoʻopau ana i ka pae oxygen i ka lewa. Hoʻonui hou ʻia nā pōʻino hanu ʻana e ka hoʻokuʻu wikiwiki ʻana o LN2 e hana i nā ao noe mahu. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mahu anuanu loa, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ka ʻili a i ʻole ma nā maka - ʻoiai no ka manawa pōkole - hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kuni anu, ka hau, ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka hōʻino mau ʻana o ka maka.
Nā Hana Maikaʻi Loa
Pono kēlā me kēia keʻena hoʻouluulu e hana i kahi loiloi pilikia kūloko e pili ana i ka hana o kāna lumi cryogenic. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau loiloi ma nā puke pai Codes of Practice (CP) mai ka British Compressed Gases Association.1 Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, he mea pono ʻo CP36 e aʻo i ka mālama ʻana i nā kinoea cryogenic ma kahi, a hāʻawi ʻo CP45 i ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi lumi mālama cryogenic.[2,3]
Hoʻonohonoho NO.1
ʻO kahi kūpono o kahi lumi cryogenic kahi e hāʻawi ana i ka hiki ke komo nui ʻia. Pono ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana i ke kau ʻana o ka pahu mālama LN2, no ka mea, pono e hoʻopiha ʻia ma o kahi ipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ke kūpono, pono e waiho ʻia ka ipu hoʻolako naikokene wai ma waho o ka lumi mālama laʻana, ma kahi i ea maikaʻi a palekana. No nā hoʻonā mālama nui aʻe, hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka ipu hoʻolako i ka ipu mālama ma o kahi hose hoʻoili cryogenic. Inā ʻaʻole ʻae ka hoʻolālā o ka hale i ka ipu hoʻolako e waiho ʻia ma waho, pono e mālama pono i ka wā e lawelawe ai i ka naikokene wai, a pono e hana i kahi loiloi pilikia kikoʻī, e pili ana i nā ʻōnaehana nānā a me ka unuhi ʻana.
Hoʻoulu ʻea NO.2
Pono nā lumi cryogenic āpau e hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia, me nā ʻōnaehana unuhi e pale aku i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ke kinoea naikokene a pale aku i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka oxygen, e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana. Pono kēlā ʻōnaehana e kūpono no kahi kinoea anuanu cryogenic, a hoʻopili ʻia i kahi ʻōnaehana nānā ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka oxygen e ʻike i ka wā e hāʻule ai ka pae oxygen ma lalo o 19.5 pakeneka, ma ia hihia e hoʻomaka ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka helu hoʻololi ea. Pono e kau ʻia nā ducts extract ma ka pae honua ʻoiai pono e kau ʻia nā mea ʻike depletion ma kahi o 1 mika ma luna o ka pae papahele. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ke kūlana pololei ma hope o kahi ana kikoʻī o ka wahi, no ka mea, ʻo nā mea e like me ka nui o ka lumi a me ka hoʻolālā e hoʻopilikia i ke kau kūpono. Pono hoʻi e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi alarm waho ma waho o ka lumi, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻo leo a me ka ʻike maka e hōʻike i ka wā palekana ʻole ke komo.
Palekana Pilikino NO.3
Hiki paha i kekahi mau keʻena lapaʻau ke koho e hoʻolako i nā limahana me nā mea nānā oxygen pilikino a hoʻohana i kahi ʻōnaehana hoa kahi e komo wale ai ka poʻe i loko o ka lumi cryogenic ma nā pālua, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka manawa o hoʻokahi kanaka i loko o ka lumi i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO ke kuleana o ka ʻoihana ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā limahana ma ka ʻōnaehana mālama anu a me kāna mau lako a nui ka poʻe e koho e hana nā limahana i nā papa palekana nitrogen pūnaewele. Pono nā limahana e ʻaʻahu i nā lako pale pilikino kūpono (PPE) e pale aku i nā kuni cryogenic, me ka pale maka, nā mīkina lima/gauntlets, nā kāmaʻa kūpono, a me kahi ʻaʻahu lab. He mea nui i nā limahana āpau ke aʻo mua i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana me nā kuni cryogenic, a he mea kūpono ia e loaʻa kahi lako wai mehana kokoke e holoi i ka ʻili inā loaʻa kahi kuni.
Mālama NO.4
ʻAʻohe ʻāpana neʻe o kahi ipu paʻi a me ka ipu LN2, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo kahi papa hana mālama makahiki wale nō ka mea e pono ai. I loko o kēia, pono e nānā ʻia ke kūlana o ka hose cryogenic, a me nā pani pono o nā valves hoʻokuʻu palekana. Pono nā limahana e nānā mau ʻaʻohe wahi o ka hau - ma ka ipu a i ʻole ma ka ipu hānai - e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia me ka vacuum. Me ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana i kēia mau mea āpau, a me kahi papa hana mālama maʻamau, hiki i nā ipu paʻi ke mau a hiki i 20 mau makahiki.
Hopena
ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o ka lumi mālama cryo o kahi keʻena hoʻouluulu kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ʻo LN2 he mea nui loa ia. ʻOiai ua hōʻike kēia blog i nā manaʻo palekana like ʻole, he mea nui i kēlā me kēia keʻena keʻena ke hana i kāna loiloi pilikia kūloko ponoʻī e hoʻoponopono i nā koi kikoʻī a me nā pōʻino hiki. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā mea lawelawe loea i nā pahu mālama anu, e like me Haier Biomedical, he mea nui ia e hoʻokō pono a palekana i nā pono cryostorage. Ma ka hoʻokau mua ʻana i ka palekana, ka pili ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi loa, a me ka hui pū ʻana me nā poʻe loea hilinaʻi, hiki i nā keʻena hoʻouluulu ke mālama i kahi kaiapuni mālama cryo palekana, e pale ana i nā limahana a me ke ola o nā mea hānau makamae.
Nā Kuhikuhi
1. Nā Kānāwai Hana - BCGA. Loaʻa ʻia ma Mei 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/pubcat/codes-of-practice/
2. Code of Practice 45: Nā ʻōnaehana mālama cryogenic biomedical. Hoʻolālā a me ka hana. British Compressed Gases Association. Paʻi ʻia ma ka pūnaewele 2021. Loaʻa ʻia Mei 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-
3.content/uploads/2021/11/BCGA-CP-45-Original-05-11-2021.pdf
4. Code of Practice 36: Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai Cryogenic ma nā wahi o nā mea hoʻohana. British Compressed Gases Association. Paʻi ʻia ma ka pūnaewele 2013. Loaʻa ʻia Mei 18, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/CP36.pdf
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Pepeluali-01-2024
